Book of sophia quotes3/9/2023 ![]() In the Latin Church, however, "the Word" or Logos came through more clearly than "the Wisdom" of God as a central, high title of Christ. In Constantinople, under Justinian I, the Hagia Sophia ("Holy Wisdom") was rebuilt, consecrated in 538, and became a model for many other Byzantine churches. Reconstruction of the Hagia Sophia basilica in Istanbul (section)Ĭonstantine the Great set a pattern for Eastern Christians by dedicating a church to Christ as the personification of Divine Wisdom. However, the majority applied to Christ the title/name of "Wisdom". He could appeal to Paul's teaching about wisdom being one of the gifts of the Holy Spirit (1 Cor. Irenaeus represents another, minor patristic tradition which identified the Spirit of God, and not Christ himself, as "Wisdom" ( Adversus haereses, 4.20.1–3 cf. Therefore, when rebutting claims about Christ's ignorance, Gregory of Nazianzus insisted that, inasmuch as he was divine, Christ knew everything: "How can he be ignorant of anything that is, when he is Wisdom, the maker of the worlds, who brings all things to fulfillment and recreates all things, who is the end of all that has come into being?" ( Orationes, 30.15). 2:7, Paul speaks of the Wisdom of God as a mystery which was "ordained before the world unto our glory".įollowing 1 Corinthians, the Church Fathers named Christ as "Wisdom of God". The clearest form of the identification of Divine Wisdom with Christ comes in 1 Corinthians 1:17–2:13. The expression Ἁγία Σοφία itself is not found in the New Testament, even though passages in the Pauline epistles equate Christ with the "wisdom of God" ( θεοῦ σοφία). The connection of Divine Wisdom to the concept of the Logos resulted in the interpretation of "Holy Wisdom" ( Hagia Sophia) as an aspect of Christ the Logos. ![]() Icon of Divine Wisdom ( София Премудрость Божия) from St George Church in Vologda (16th century).Ĭhristian theology received the Old Testament personification of Divine Wisdom ( Septuagint Sophia, Vulgate Sapientia). the Bride of Christ) and was the Holy Spirit of the Trinity. Gnostics held that she was the syzygy of Jesus (i.e. In Gnosticism, Sophia is a feminine figure, analogous to the soul, but also simultaneously one of the emanations of the Monad. Also influenced by Stoic philosophical concepts, he used the Koine term logos ( λόγος, lógos) for the role and function of Wisdom, a concept later adapted by the author of the Gospel of John in the opening verses and applied to Jesus as the Word ( Logos) of God the Father. Philo, a Hellenized Jew writing in Alexandria, attempted to harmonize Platonic philosophy and Jewish scripture. Sophia is named as one of the four cardinal virtues (in place of phronesis) in Plato's Protagoras. Cicero in De Oratore later criticized Plato for his separation of wisdom from eloquence. Socratic skepticism is contrasted with the approach of the sophists, who are attacked in Gorgias for relying merely on eloquence. Socrates defends this verdict in Apology to the effect that he, at least, knows that he knows nothing. According to Plato in Apology, Socrates himself was dubbed "the wisest man of Greece" by the Pythian Oracle. In that work, the leaders of the proposed utopia are to be philosopher kings: rulers who are lovers of wisdom. This understanding of philosophia permeates Plato's dialogues, especially the Republic. '"love of wisdom"') was primarily used after the time of Plato, following his teacher Socrates, though it has been said that Pythagoras was the first to call himself a philosopher. ![]() The term philosophia ( φιλοσοφία, philosophía, lit. '"mind"'), while sophia referred to technical skill. The noun σοφία as "skill in handicraft and art" is Homeric and in Pindar is used to describe both Hephaestos and Athena.īefore Plato, the term for "sound judgment, intelligence, practical wisdom" and so on, such qualities as are ascribed to the Seven Sages of Greece, was phronesis ( φρόνησις, phrónēsis), from phren ( φρήν, phrēn, lit. These words share the same Proto-Indo-European root as the Latin verb sapere ( lit. The Ancient Greek word Sophia ( σοφία, sophía) is the abstract noun of σοφός ( sophós), which variously translates to "clever, skillful, intelligent, wise". Further information: Logos, Phronesis, Seven Sages of Greece, and Gnosis
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